Ingredient Directory & Densities
Explore all 34 ingredients available in our conversion calculator. Every ingredient includes its verified reference weight, derived density in grams per millilitre (g/mL), preparation note, and source citation.
Flours & Grains
All-purpose flour
spooned & leveledUSDA SR Legacy lists 1 cup unsifted all-purpose flour at 125g (7.81g per US tbsp). King Arthur spooned standard is 120g/cup.
Bread flour
spooned & leveledStandard spooned and leveled bread flour weighs ~127-128g per cup (~8.0g per US tbsp). Packed can reach 137g.
Cake flour
spooned & leveled1 cup unsifted cake flour weighs 114g (7.125g per US tbsp). Sifted weighs ~100g/cup (6.25g/tbsp).
Whole wheat flour
spooned & leveled1 cup of whole-grain wheat flour averages 120g (7.5g per US tbsp).
Almond flour
stirred & leveledKing Arthur Baking benchmark is 96g per cup (6.0g per US tbsp). Blanched commercial brands vary between 96g and 112g.
Cornstarch
USDA lists 1 cup at 128g and 1 tablespoon at 8.0g.
Cornmeal
1 cup of yellow degermed cornmeal weighs 138g (8.625g per US tbsp).
Rolled oats
1 cup of rolled oats averages 80g (5.0g per US tbsp). Quick oats are slightly denser at 85g/cup.
Sugars & Sweeteners
Granulated sugar
USDA lists 1 cup at 200g and 1 US tablespoon at 12.5g.
Brown sugar
packedUSDA lists 1 packed cup at 220g (13.75g ~ 13.8g per US tbsp). Lightly unpacked brown sugar is ~145g/cup (9.1g/tbsp).
Powdered sugar
unsiftedUSDA lists 1 unsifted cup at 120g (7.5g per US tbsp). Sifted powdered sugar weighs ~100g/cup (6.25g/tbsp).
Honey
USDA lists 1 cup at 339g and 1 US tablespoon at 21.2g.
Maple syrup
USDA lists 1 cup at 322g and 1 US tablespoon at 20.0g.
Molasses
USDA lists 1 cup at 328g and 1 US tablespoon at 20.0g.
Baking Essentials
Cocoa powder
unsweetened, leveledUSDA lists 1 cup unsweetened cocoa powder at 86g (5.375g ~ 5.4g per US tbsp). Corrected from legacy unverified 7.4g which represented packed/heaping cocoa.
Baking powder
USDA lists 1 teaspoon at 4.6g. 1 US tablespoon (3 teaspoons) = 13.8g.
Baking soda
USDA lists 1 teaspoon at 4.6g. 1 US tablespoon (3 teaspoons) = 13.8g.
Active dry yeast
1 standard packet contains 2 1/4 tsp (7.0g). 1 US tablespoon (3 tsp) = 9.33g.
Dairy & Fats
Butter
USDA lists 1 stick (1/2 cup = 8 tbsp) at 113.4g, giving 14.175g (~14.2g) per US tablespoon.
Milk
USDA lists 1 cup whole milk (3.25% fat) at 244g (15.25g per US tbsp).
Heavy cream
USDA lists 1 cup at 238g (14.88g ~ 14.9g per US tbsp).
Sour cream
USDA household serving lists 1 tablespoon at 12.0g.
Greek yogurt
1 cup plain whole-milk Greek yogurt weighs 245g (15.3g per US tbsp). Nonfat is similar at ~15g/tbsp.
Olive oil
USDA lists 1 cup at 216g and 1 US tablespoon at 13.5g.
Vegetable oil
USDA lists 1 cup canola oil at 218g and 1 US tablespoon at 14.0g.
Coconut oil
USDA lists 1 cup at 218g and 1 US tablespoon at 13.6g (melted/liquid).
Peanut butter
USDA lists a standard 2-tablespoon serving at 32g (16.0g per US tbsp).
Mayonnaise
USDA lists 1 tablespoon of regular commercial mayonnaise at 14.0g.
Condiments & Liquids
Water
Pure water density is 1.000 g/mL at 20°C. 1 US tbsp = 14.787g, 1 Metric tbsp = 15.0g, 1 Aus tbsp = 20.0g.
Soy sauce
USDA lists 1 tablespoon of brewed shoyu soy sauce at 16.0g.
Apple cider vinegar
USDA lists 1 cup cider vinegar at 239g (14.94g ~ 14.9g per US tbsp). White vinegar has an identical density of ~1.01 g/mL.
Table salt
fine crystalUSDA lists 1 cup at 292g (18.25g per US tbsp). Fine salt crystals pack tightly.
Kosher salt (Diamond Crystal)
hollow flakeDiamond Crystal kosher salt is made with hollow pyramid flakes, weighing approximately 9g per US tbsp (3g per tsp). It is roughly half the density of table salt.
Kosher salt (Morton)
dense coarse flakeMorton coarse kosher salt crystals are rolled flat and dense, weighing approximately 14.4g per US tbsp (4.8g per tsp), much heavier than Diamond Crystal.